Surgical Procedure
So, what exactly is lumbar rhizotomy? Treatment is in the lumbar region of the spine, which is five bones in the lower back. The Cleveland Clinic describes the lumbar vertebrae as L1 to L5 — the largest in the entire spine. In that area, during this procedure, the nerves are being treated in an effort to relieve pain. Rhizotomy, also known as neurotomy, is an interruption of a nerve. A pain management specialist will consider doing this procedure if a patient is experiencing pain that is not responding to other treatments.
The procedure itself is considered minimally invasive surgery with the goal of relieving nerve pain in the back by deadening nerve fibers that are responsible for carrying pain signals to the brain. The procedure is performed with general or local anesthesia. Surgically, this is done by severing the nerve fiber. A surgeon will insert an electrode through fluoroscopy to find the exact location of the problematic nerve or nerves, which is deadened to prevent pain messages from going to the brain. Experts say the lumbar rhizotomy can alleviate pain for as long as several years until the nerve sensation returns.
The procedure itself takes only a few minutes, and there is minimal pain involved. Lumbar rhizotomy recovery is about a week, and there may be some localized pain, swelling, or bruising where the rhizotomy was done.
Reports vary but say the success rate for this surgery is anywhere from 70% to 80%, and within a few years, the pain may return with nerve regrowth.